Is there an know way to prevent pulmonary fibrosis?… by Rosalie Cull
I need to know this for an science project that is due tommorrow. I know that there is no know way to treat this diesase but, maybe if we knew how to prevent it really well than we would not need a treatment, because nobody would get it.
Best Answer:
Idiopathy means a pathological state of unknown or spontaneous origin.
Inhaling asbestos fibers can cause scar tissue (fibrosis) to form inside the lung. Scarred lung tissue does not expand and contract normally, and cannot perform gas exchange. The severity of the disease depends upon the duration of exposure to asbestos and the amount inhaled.
Asbestos fibers were commonly used in construction before 1975. Asbestos exposure occurs in asbestos mining and milling industries, construction, fireproofing, and other industries. In families of asbestos workers, exposure can also occur from particles brought home on the worker's clothing.
Asbestos-related disease includes pleural plaques (calcification), malignant mesothelioma, and pleural effusion. Mesotheliomas may develop 20 - 40 years after exposure. Workers today are less likely to develop asbestos-related disease because of government regulations.
Cigarette smoking increases the risk of developing the disease. The incidence is 4 out of 10,000 people.
Similarly those who are handling coal or silica (tiles) will be affected by pulmonary fibrosis.
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, the most common form of IIP, causes progressive pulmonary fibrosis predominantly in male smokers. Symptoms and signs develop over months to years and include exertional dyspnea, cough, and fine (Velcro) crackles. Diagnosis is based on history, physical examination, chest x-ray, and pulmonary function tests and is confirmed with HRCT, lung biopsy, or both if necessary. No specific treatment has proven effective, but corticosteroids, cyclophosphamide, azathioprine, or a combination are often given. Most patients deteriorate even with treatment; median survival is < 3 yr from diagnosis.
Please see the web pages for more details on Pulmonary fibrosis.
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Why and how does vinegar kill weeds?… by Joanne
Likeis their some typ of acid in vinegar that kills weeds?
please helkpp!
Best Answer:
Here is a reprint of the latest information on the use of vinegar. I think you'll find this most interesting!
“Over the years, I
what do you do for relaxation, im doing a project for my health class and i have to do a preaentation…?… by BASEBALL70
i need to do this activity with the class for 15 min so it needs to be kind of fun. i dont want to do yoga or anything like that. i need some thing like playing cards or oragami, just and activity i could do
wtf r u talking about ms
Best Answer:
rubex cube ..dude…you have 15 minutes to complete…..go !!!!!
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What are the best weight loss pills and where can I buy them online?… by Adeel
I am looking for best weight loss pills and preferably to buy them online.
Best Answer:
There are a number weight loss pills claiming to be the best weight loss pills ever. Weight loss pills can be divided into different categories. This is according to the action they perform. Therefore the best weight loss pills for anyone depends on what effects is one looking for.
Three major categories for this are - appetite suppressants, fat burners and fat blockers. Among these fat blockers are now available more easily, and have recently gained enormous popularity. Xenical which is the brand name for Orlistat in particular has been very popular. Due to its success it has been even referred to be among the best weight loss pills ever. It works by blocking a pancreatic enzyme called lipase and subsequently inhibits fat absorption. Blocking fat absorption eventually helps you lose weight as you are absorbing less calories.
So does Xenical live up to the mark of being considered among the best weight loss pills? Clinical studies have proven that Xenical works on varying degrees on different people, but it does work in all of them. This variation is determined by individual compliance, diet and exercise. In one year clinical trial study showed that between 35.5% and 54.8% of the subjects achieved atleast a 5% reduction in body mass. Upto 24.8% actually achieved atleast a 10% reduction in body mass! The most impressive finding was the reduction of incidence of type II diabetes in almost 37% of the subjects. It was because of these findings that Xenical is considered among the best weight loss pills ever.
A thing to remember that although the above results are very impressive, after the subjects stopped taking Xenical i.e. after one year period, a significant number of subjects regained 35% of the lost weight i.e. if someone lost 30 pounds over one year they regained 35% of that. An important thing to remember about Xenical is its mode of action. No doubt that it is among the best weight loss pills, it
What is the best stop smoking product that actually works?… by Mike
What have you used in order to stop smoking that actually worked? Is there such a thing as a REAL product that works?
Best Answer:
Well first and foremost I would never have been able to quit cold-turkey. Kudos to those it works for. I smoked 1 1/2-2 packs a day for 24 years and have now been smoke free for 5+ years. I don't constantly think about it or crave it one bit despite that some ex-smokers say they do. And I'll never pick the habit up again. Here's what worked for me:
The most important thing was that I sincerely wanted to quit. I didn't do it because I “should” or a doctor told me to. I was so determined that I was going to find a way and failure was not an option. That's how bad I wanted it. And what encouraged me in the first place was that I sold my house and decided to only smoke outside while it was on the market. I was shocked to realize that that alone cut my habit down to about 1/2 a pack a day without experiencing any nicotine cravings. In other words–most of my smoking was “just because.”
I used the nicotine patch and zyban–the most effective method at the time was to combine the two. And it worked very well–ALMOST. I didn't crave the nicotine–the patch & pill took care of that. What I missed was the physical sensation of inhaling the smoke. Since you can't smoke and continue to wear the patch I took off the patch, bought a pack and continued to smoke for another month while searching for answers.
I found a tobacco shop that sold non-nicotine herbal cigarettes and bought them. Now in all honesty they tasted rather nasty, but they satisfied that urge to inhale. At the same time I de-sensitized myself to my “triggers,” you know–get in the car light up a cigarette. Fire up the 'puter light up a cigarette. Finish dinner–smoke for dessert. Every time I thought about lighting up I just told myself I don't do that any more and gradually the triggers became meaningless to me. I'm convinced that the addiction is at least as much mental as it is physical. And gradually I got away from those stinky herbal ciggies too.
There are a couple of ways to use the patch and one of them is to just change it every 24 hours. I went through the first box of them and then stepped down to the lower level of nicotine with the next box. One day I was at work and it occured to me that I had forgotten to change my patch. For a split second I felt trapped, but then I thought about it. If I was only just now thinking about it (8 or 9 hours after the fact) then I obviously didn't need them anymore and I never used one again. Looking back I guess that was the defining moment when I realized I had done it!
Anyway–I hope you find perhaps some useful info in this answer. I love being a non-smoker! Good luck to you.
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What would be the best way to teach 6th graders about neurons?… by Kati
I'm not actually teaching a class, this is for a psychology assignment. I have to make a lesson plan for a 6th grade class on neurons.
I've had a few ideas but none of them really suited the situation. My main objective is to make it fun, and maybe have them make a neuron out of something (however possible). Any ideas?
Best Answer:
How about having the students themselves form neuron chains?
Have one student be the dendrite, one student be the soma, two students be the axon, and one student be the axon terminal. Have the dendrite student pretend snatch information out of the air, hand it over to the soma student. The soma student should jumble it up and shoot it over to the the axon, who will shoot it to the axon terminal, who will pretend to toss it on to the next neuron chain. Adding little noises for each action would add to the excitement.
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What is it if you have a panic attck that lasts for multiple days?Is it considered a panic attack?… by Casa_Chi
My friend has been experiencing the symptoms of a panic attck.But it has been going on for multiple days. Hes heart us always pounding and he is angry a lot, and he doesnt entirely know what to do.Im not even sure what the problem is but it sounds like a panic attck, but panic attcks generally last 10 minutes, not for multiple hours every day.
Best Answer:
This is a very interesting question as I had my first panic attack at my job as a medical transcriber /triage nurse, et cetera for three cardiac surgeons. I was typing away, this being 1985, in Charleston, SC and had my first panic attack — the most horrific thing I have ever gone through, trust me. I was feeling like I was dying and I was worried only about my children and who would take care of them in the future.
Well, I was given Xanax slowly by one of the doctors and lied down on his sofa in his office. He had to give me doses of Xanax every so often to finally get me out of the attack. But I finally did and went home with my boyfriend, whom my doctor had called from our office.
A few days later, as I was making rounds in the hospital next door for admittances and such, I suddenly became faint and could not breathe. Luckily my other doctor at the office was right there speaking with a nurse and saw me. He had me sit down and breathe through a brown paper bag, thinking I was hyperventilating. Did not work of course. So I was wheeled to the ER and he met me there and began the Xanax (or another sedative of the same class) IV and had to keep pushing it very often. Why? Because my blood gasses had all gone out of whack and my electrolytes left my body, mainly potassium almost totally. He had to keep giving me the Xanax and watching my blood gasses and potassium, et cetera. Finally all my bloodwork was back to normal, even potassium. He had my boyfriend take me home, normal once again after only an hour or so, and watch me for the night. Anyway, it happened once again and I was hospitalized for five days or so. Nothing showed up. Honest! So I was placed on Xanax for these occasions in the future and it has been a miracle drug for me. Sometimes I never take a Xanax for a month; but when I do have a panic attack, it will take almost 20 milligrams to fight it off. If I would take that much without being in the throes of an attack, it would wipe me out mentally for a long while!!! But when you use it for what it is intended, you will be so happy to have it on hand for just those times. I must back up here to tell you that both of my doctors seeing me during the panic attacks said that they had to give me so much Xanax to make me “normal,” they were really afraid for me. But they said all it did was make me turn back to my normal self. And I can truly say the same, I was not drugged at all and I just felt completely normal. They were quite surprised I did not get “high” or “crazy” but I did not at all!!!!
Anyway, that is my experience with panic attacks. I can believe that every one of us could have a different type of panic attack, but if you take the Xanax and do not become “high,” then it is the nuts!!! But take it without having a panic attack will only make you weird, high and if you like that, then you are not using it for a panic attack. And a doctor will know for sure!!!! So do not abuse a drug that is a miracle worker for us with panic attacks who really need them, okay?!!!
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what are the tests made to diagnose kidney stones?… by ashley**xo
does anybody knows.. what are the posible medications given to patients with this kind of disease?
Best Answer:
Kidney stones (renal calculi)are formed of mineral deposits, most commonly calcium oxalate and calcium phosphate; however uric acid, struvite, and cystine are also calculus formers. Renal calculi can remain asymptomatic until passed into a ureter and/or urine flow is obstructed.
A person with kidney stones may report history of recent/ chronic UTI; previous obstruction (calculi); decreased urinary output, bladder fullnes, burning sensation and urgency with urination, diarrhea, hematuria (presence of blood in the urine), pyuria (pus in the urine), and alterations in voiding pattern. Person may also report nausea, vomiting, abdominal tenderness, diet high in purines, calcium oxalate, and/or phosphates, insufficient fluid intake, does not drink fluids well; exhibits abdominal distention, flank pain, elevated BP/pulse, decreased/absent bowel sounds.
diagnostic studies include:
1. urinalysis: color may be yellow, dark brown, bloody. commonly shows RBCs, WBCs, crystals (cystine, uric acid, calcium oxalate), casts, minerals, bacteria, pus; pH may be less than 5 (promotes cystine and uric acid stones) or higher than 7.5 (promotes magnesium, struvite, phosphate, or calcium phosphate stones).
2. biochemical survey: elevated levels of magnesium, calcium, uric acid, phosphate, protein, electrolytes
3. serum and urine BUN/Cr: abnormal (high in serum/low in urine) secondary to high obstructive stone in kidney causing ischemia/necrosis
4. serum chloride and bicarbonate levels: elevation of chloride and decreased levels of bicarbonate suggests developing renal tubular acidosis
5. CBC:
Hgb/Hct:abnormal if client is severely dehydrated or polycythemia is present (encourage precipitation of solids), or client is anemic (hemorrhage, kidney dysfunction or failure)
RBCs: usually normal
WBCs: may be increased (indicating infection or septicemia)
KUB xray: show presence of calculi and/or anatomical changes in the area of the kidney or along the course of the ureter
IVP: provides rapid confirmation of urolithiasis as a cause of abdominal or flank pain. shows abnormalities in anatomical structures (distended ureter) and outline of calculi
cystoureteroscopy: direct visualization of bladder and ureter may reveal stone and/or obstructive effects
CT scan: identify/delineates calculi and other masses; kidney, ureteral, and bladder distention
Kidney Ultrasound: to determine obstructive change, location of stone; without the risk of failure induced by contrast medium
Medications to be given will depend greatly on the type of stones formed.
narcotics e.g., meperidine (demerol), morphine: to promote muscle relaxation
antispasmodics, e.g., flavoxate (Urispas), oxybutynin (Ditropan): to decrease reflex spasm, colic and pain
corticosteroids: to reduce tissue edema to facilitate movement of stone
Acetazolamide (Diamox), allopurinol (Zyloprim); increase urine pH and reduce formation of acid stones. antigout agents such as allopurinol (Zyloprim) also lower uric acid production and potential of stone formation.
Hydrochlorothiazide (Esidrix, HydroDIURIL), chlorthalidone (Hygroton); may be given to prevent urinary stasis and decrease calcium stone formation if not caused by underlying disease process such as primary hyperthyroidism or vitamin D abnormalities.
Ammonium chloride; potassium or sodium phosphate; reduce phosphate stone formation
Antibiotics; presence of UTI/ alkaline urine potentiates stone formation
Sodium bicarbonate; replaces losses incurred during bicarbonate wasting and/or alkalinization of urine; may reduce/prevent formation of some calculi
Ascorbic acid; acidifies urine to prevent recurrence of alkaline stone formation
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Has anyone had a Nuclear Medicine Test of their heart, their puting mibi through IV tommorow to check for any?… by makeitmyday1
heart problems, since i've been having weird palpatations, im just wondering has anyone had this done before, does it hurt, we're there any side effects?
Best Answer:
There are no side effects from the mibi…….(or sestamibi). It leaves your body through the urine in approximately 24 hours and is less radioactive than a chest xray. Are you going to walk on the treadmill or are they going to use medication to stress your heart? Some of the medications they use have side effects, one of them (adenosine) lasts 6 minutes and can cause breathing problems if you have have lung issues but goes away competely when stopped, the other (persantine or dipyridamole) can cause nausea or a severe headache that can last up to 2 days, but is less likely to happen.
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Is it normal to have like 12 cavities when you go to the dentist?… by Michelle
My sister brushes and flosses CONSTANTLY (it sometimes even gets annoying!) and she gets like 12 cavities and a couple of root canals every time she goes to the dentist (biannualy) Is this normal? What should she do?
Best Answer:
Get a second opinion. This is not normal. Perhaps he's redoing treatment unnecessarily, or she has some active problem that isn't being addressed properly.
On a preventive angle, also check her diet (use a dietitian?), particularly for sweet drinks like juices, soft drinks, sports drinks etc.
Get a high fluoride content toothpaste e.g. Colgate Neutrafluor 5000ppm - brush with this but don't rinse out with water. That way she'll get maximum exposure from the froth.
Don't waste time with largely ineffective mouthwashes like Listerine. If you want a truly antibacterial mouthwash, use one with a chlorhexidine content (Peridex in the US?), but only at night (it can put a brown stain if you use it a lot).
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